What is fping? Fping is a program to send ICMP echo probes to network hosts, similar to ping, but much better performing when pinging multiple hosts. Fping has a very long history: Roland Schemers did publish a first version of it in 1992 and it has established itself since then as a standard tool for network diagnostics and statistics. Nping is an open source tool for network packet generation, response analysis and response time measurement. It is free and open source and runs on Linux, *BSD, Windows and Mac OS X.
Name
hping3 - send (almost) arbitrary TCP/IP packets to network hosts
Synopsis
hping3 [ -hvnqVDzZ012WrfxykQbFSRPAUXYjJBuTG ] [ -ccount ] [ -iwait ] [ --fast ] [ -Iinterface ] [ -9signature ] [ -ahost ] [ -tttl ] [ -Nip id ] [ -Hip protocol] [ -gfragoff ] [ -mmtu ] [ -otos ] [ -Cicmp type ] [ -Kicmp code ] [ -ssource port ] [ -p[+][+]dest port ] [ -wtcp window ] [ -Otcp offset ] [ -Mtcp sequencenumber ] [ -Ltcp ack ] [ -ddata size ] [ -Efilename ] [ -esignature ] [ --icmp-ipverversion ] [ --icmp-iphlenlength ] [ --icmp-iplenlength ] [ --icmp-ipidid ] [ --icmp-ipprotoprotocol ] [ --icmp-cksumchecksum ] [ --icmp-ts ] [ --icmp-addr ] [ --tcpexitcode ] [ --tcp-timestamp ] [--tr-stop ] [ --tr-keep-ttl ] [ --tr-no-rtt ] [ --rand-dest ] [ --rand-source ] [ --beep ] hostname
Description
hping3 is a network tool able to send custom TCP/IP packets and to display target replies like ping program does with ICMP replies. hping3 handlefragmentation, arbitrary packets body and size and can be used in order to transfer files encapsulated under supported protocols. Using hping3 you are able toperform at least the following stuff:
- Test firewall rules - Advanced port scanning - Test net performance using different protocols, packet size, TOS (type of service) and fragmentation. -Path MTU discovery - Transferring files between even really fascist firewall rules. - Traceroute-like under different protocols. - Firewalk-like usage. -Remote OS fingerprinting. - TCP/IP stack auditing. - A lot of others.
It's also a good didactic tool to learn TCP/IP. hping3 is developed and maintained by [email protected] and is licensed under GPL version 2.Development is open so you can send me patches, suggestion and affronts without inhibitions.
Hping Site
primary site at http://www.hping.org. You can found both the stable release and the instruction to download the latest source code athttp://www.hping.org/download.html
Base Options
-h --help
Alias for -i u10000. Hping will send 10 packets for second.
len=46 ip=192.168.1.1 flags=RA DF seq=0 ttl=255 id=0 win=0 rtt=0.4 ms tos=0 iplen=40 seq=0 ack=1380893504 sum=2010 urp=0
Beep for every matching received packet (but not for ICMP errors).
Protocol Selection
Default protocol is TCP, by default hping3 will send tcp headers to target host's port 0 with a winsize of 64 without any tcp flag on. Often this is thebest way to do an 'hide ping', useful when target is behind a firewall that drop ICMP. Moreover a tcp null-flag to port 0 has a good probability of not beinglogged.
Groups can be combined, so the following command line will scan ports between 1 and 1000 AND port 8888 AND ports listed in /etc/services: hping --scan1-1000,8888,known -S target.host.com
Groups can be negated (subtracted) using a ! character as prefix, so the following command line will scan all the ports NOT listed in /etc/services in therange 1-1024: hping --scan '1-1024,!known' -S target.host.com
Keep in mind that while hping seems much more like a port scanner in this mode, most of the hping switches are still honored, so for example to perform a SYNscan you need to specify the -S option, you can change the TCP windows size, TTL, control the IP fragmentation as usually, and so on. The only realdifference is that the standard hping behaviors are encapsulated into a scanning algorithm.
Tech note: The scan mode uses a two-processes design, with shared memory for synchronization. The scanning algorithm is still not optimal, but alreadyquite fast.
Hint: unlike most scanners, hping shows some interesting info about received packets, the IP ID, TCP win, TTL, and so on, don't forget to look at thisadditional information when you perform a scan! Sometimes they shows interesting details.
Ip Related Options
-a --spoof hostname
Warning: when this option is enabled hping can't detect the right outgoing interface for the packets, so you should use the --interface option toselect the desired outgoing interface.
Icmp Related Options
-C --icmptype type
keep still source port, see --baseport for more information.
#hping3 win98 --seqnum -p 139 -S -i u1 -I eth0The first column reports the sequence number, the second difference between current and last sequence number. As you can see target host's sequence numbersare predictable.
![Download Download](/uploads/1/2/6/0/126024907/182809747.jpg)
Common Options
-d --data data size
![What What](/uploads/1/2/6/0/126024907/275302082.jpg)
Tcp Output Format
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The standard TCP output format is the following:
len=46 ip=192.168.1.1 flags=RA DF seq=0 ttl=255 id=0 win=0 rtt=0.4 ms
len is the size, in bytes, of the data captured from the data link layer excluding the data link header size. This may not match the IP datagram sizedue to low level transport layer padding.
It needs the internet connection while the synchronize. It synchronizes contacts, emails, and calendar data between local and cloud storage on your computer HD. Zimlets zimbra download for mac.
ip is the source ip address.
flags are the TCP flags, R for RESET, S for SYN, A for ACK, F for FIN, P for PUSH, U for URGENT, X for not standard 0x40, Y for not standard 0x80.
If the reply contains DF the IP header has the don't fragment bit set.
seq is the sequence number of the packet, obtained using the source port for TCP/UDP packets, the sequence field for ICMP packets.
id is the IP ID field.
win is the TCP window size.
rtt is the round trip time in milliseconds.
If you run hping using the -V command line switch it will display additional information about the packet, example:
len=46 ip=192.168.1.1 flags=RA DF seq=0 ttl=255 id=0 win=0 rtt=0.4 ms tos=0 iplen=40 seq=0 ack=1223672061 sum=e61d urp=0
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tos is the type of service field of the IP header.
iplen is the IP total len field.
seq and ack are the sequence and acknowledge 32bit numbers in the TCP header.
sum is the TCP header checksum value.
urp is the TCP urgent pointer value.
Udp Output Format
The standard output format is:
len=46 ip=192.168.1.1 seq=0 ttl=64 id=0 rtt=6.0 ms
The field meaning is just the same as the TCP output meaning of the same fields.
Icmp Output Format
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An example of ICMP output is:
ICMP Port Unreachable from ip=192.168.1.1 name=nano.marmoc.net
It is very simple to understand. It starts with the string 'ICMP' followed by the description of the ICMP error, Port Unreachable in the example. The ipfield is the IP source address of the IP datagram containing the ICMP error, the name field is just the numerical address resolved to a name (a dns PTRrequest) or UNKNOWN if the resolution failed.
The ICMP Time exceeded during transit or reassembly format is a bit different:
TTL 0 during transit from ip=192.168.1.1 name=nano.marmoc.net
TTL 0 during reassembly from ip=192.70.106.25 name=UNKNOWN
The only difference is the description of the error, it starts with TTL 0.
Author
Salvatore Sanfilippo <[email protected]>, with the help of the people mentioned in AUTHORS file and athttp://www.hping.org/authors.html
Bugs
Even using the --end and --safe options to transfer files the final packet will be padded with 0x00 bytes.
Data is read without care about alignment, but alignment is enforced in the data structures. This will not be a problem under i386 but, while usually theTCP/IP headers are naturally aligned, may create problems with different processors and bogus packets if there is some unaligned access around the code(hopefully none).
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On solaris hping does not work on the loopback interface. This seems a solaris problem, as stated in the tcpdump-workers mailing list, so the libpcap can'tdo nothing to handle it properly.
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See Also
ping(8), traceroute(8), ifconfig(8), nmap(1)